HOSA Bowl Assessment Practice Test 2025 – Your All-in-One Guide to Exam Success!

The type of T cells that are directly responsible for targeting and killing foreign cells, including cancer cells, are known as Cytotoxic T Cells. These cells recognize and bind to infected or malignant cells that display specific antigens on their surface. Once bound, Cytotoxic T Cells release perforin and granzymes, which create pores in the target cell's membrane and induce apoptosis, effectively destroying the unwanted cells.

Cytotoxic T Cells play a crucial role in the immune response by patrolling the body for infected cells and tumors. They are essential in the body's defense against cancer, as they can identify and eliminate cells that may evade other forms of immune detection. Understanding their mechanism is vital in immunotherapy, where these cells are leveraged to treat cancers more effectively.

In contrast, other types of T cells have different functions. Helper T Cells are essential for assisting other immune cells rather than directly attacking foreign cells. Memory T Cells provide long-lasting immunity but are not involved in immediate destruction. T4 Cells, often referring to helper T cells, do not have the cytotoxic capability that characterizes Cytotoxic T Cells, further emphasizing the unique role they play in immune function.